Kinkaku-ji (Temple of the Golden Pavilion) is the common name ofRokuon-ji temple(templeof theimperialgardendeer) locatedin Kyoto, Japan. Thisname is derived fromKinkaku("Golden Pavilion"), coated with goldin the gardenof the templebuilding. history The pavilionburned(1950) TheChinese phoenixFenghuangto the roof ridge
Inthe1220s, the site houses thevillaKitayamadaiSaionjiKintsune(1171-1244, Saionjiclan leaderwhois part of abranch of theFujiwara) and the Saionjitemple, opened in 1224afterthe decline ofSaionji, thevillaand templeare no longer maintained; only amareremainsthattime.1.
Yoshimitsu(1358-1408), thethirdshogunAshikaga, abdicatedin 1394tomake way forhissonYochimochi. Threeyears later,in 1397, he bought the siteSaionjiclanand beganto build a newvilla, Kitayamaden, doing his best tomake it anexceptionalplaceto houseseveral Buddhistrelics.Helived until hisdeath.After his deathand according tohiswishes, hissonYochimochiactually aZentemple of theRinzaischool.
The temple wasburned down severaltimesduring theŌninWar(1467-1477)and only theGolden Pavilionsurvived.The garden, however, kept itsappearanceat the time.
In 1950, theGolden Pavilionwas completelyburnedby amentallydeficientmonk; this eventis central to thenovel byYukioMishima,The GoldenPavilion.The current building, rebuilt exactly, in 1955.
In1987, herenovated andgiven a newlayer, five timesthickerthangold leaf.It seems thatthe new layer ofgold leafwerecoated with alacquer-based urushiol(the oil produced by poison ivy), thereby preservingthe gold layeragainstthe elements.This lacquerwasonce usedto protectdifferent thingsused by humans, such as weapons, artwork, householditemsand evenfurniture.
In 1994, theGolden Pavilionis on theWorld Heritage Listof UNESCO. architecture Detail ofsecondfloor
TheGolden Pavilion(kinkaku?), Located in the gardenmade thefamoustemple.The entire building iscovered withpure gold,with the exceptionof the groundfloor.It servessharidencontainingrelicsof Buddha.
From anarchitectural point ofview, this isa harmonious andelegant buildingwhich includesthree different types ofarchitecture:
the(Hō-sui-in) groundfloor isShinden-zukuri style, the style of thepalaceof the Heian period. The first stage (Chō-on-dō) follows the Buke-zukuri stylehousessamurai. The second floor(Kukkyō-chō) isKarayōstyle, that ofZentemples. source : fr.wikipidia
Toofar, tooexpensive, tooinaccessible,for a long time, Japan has been likened toa kind ofplanet Marsin the Far East. A fascinatingarchipelago, ahighly refinedcivilization, adistant star, appealing, butunaffordable. With fallingairfares andthe growingstrength of the eurosince 2000 (the exchange rate has becomefavorablefor Europeantravelers), everything changed.Itis possible to travelto Japan inbackpacker, with a small to mediumbudget.Add to thatthe will of theMinistry of Tourismof Japanto open the countryto a newmore economicaltourism. Megacitiesfirst:Tokyo, the largest city in the world, an electricurban world, fast-paced, sparkling. Kyoto, the ancient imperialcapital, a cityof art andgeishas, tea andikebana. Nara, artistic and religiouscradle, spiritual cityofmonks, aristocracy and Buddhism,butNikkoperched highinthe mountains, Kamakura tothe seaside, Hakone doorof MountFuji,the majesticsymbol ofJapan,seethe springwhen thecherry blossoms bloom. Connectedtothe archipelagoof high technologyreserveall new, this is especially thekingdom ofrobots!It isalso the land ofmanga andvideo games.Thenature loverswill not be disappointedeither.As soon asone moves awayfrom the coast,we findan almostsavageJapan:mountains withslopescovered with forests, snow-cappedvolcanoes, mountain lakes. And what about thehot springs,famousonsen? This is theultimate inJapaneseetiquette.
HongKongis one ofthe most amazingplacesin Asiaand the world.Hislegendaryname means "Port aux Parfums" thename of this formerrockthrough whichgenerationsofEnglish adventurersmadetransitshiploadsof opiumbeforegiving wayto allbusinessmenandself-made men of the world. A Britishcolonialconfettibecomea flagshipof capitalismin Asia andreturned tothe communistChinesefoldin 1997 with aspecial status, increasinglysubject to thecentral government.
Despitethe handover,HongKongcontinues to cultivatea particular identity.Behind histunesCity of LondonorNew YorksmallAsiaisa Chinesecity where theheartof a populationcamemainly fromCanton andShanghai breaks. What futurein the midstof empire?Since the handover, the Asian crisis and, more recently, duetothe SARS outbreakthat hasliterallycut off from theworld, Hong Kongcan notquitehide hisfear of the future: autonomy andfreedomvis-à-vis Beijing, flood ofChinese immigrationat its gates, rising unemployment andtheconstantdesire to preserveeconomic prosperity, not to mention the problemsof urbanization andpollutionassociated with it. Despite theseblows toits image, Hong Kongis to remainthesymbol of successin Asia:how to growprosperity andseparate identitywhileintegrating into thegreater China.
source : routard.com
samedi 4 octobre 2014
Victoria FallsorMoussaÚaTonyaFallsislocated inthe Zambezi River,on the border betweenZambiaandZimbabwe,in south-centralAfrica.Displayed1.7km(orequivalentinclination),and a height of128m(420ft). Naming
Visitedwaterfallsfor the first timeScottish explorerDavid LivingstoneinNovember 1855,has been calledsuch a nameof QueenVictoriaofthe United Kingdom,although thewaterfallswere knownto thelocalsformerlyMoussaÚaTonyawhich means "the smoke thatis calledThunder." Size
Victoria Fallsisone of the largestwaterfallsin the world.ComparedwithNiagara Fallsin North America,width and depth ofthe Victoria Fallstwice thewidth and depth ofNiagara.[1]a width ofmorethan one thousandseven hundredmeters and amaximum heightof one hundred andeight meters.As therate ofthe amount of waterannuallyIslgfallenmore thannine hundred andthirtyfourcubic meters\seconds.
Waterfallsdescendfrom top to bottomvoicefuses,anddensefogwaterresultingwrapsacross the regionthroughout the year.Thelocalscall it"fogdetonator."
While theworkersdigginginasilver mineinthe periodbetween2007and 2008,theyaccidentallydiscovera scenevery scary, acaveChristalagiantamidthe desert ofMexico,where it wasspreadinsidemany of theobelisksAlchristalahandcrystalsmarvelousupthe length of eachof themtoHawally37feetof any11 meters,the awfulthing is thatthosecrystalsandobeliskswereaverysharp blade, which could leadtoinjuries to employees.
Andhasformedobelisksandgiantcrystalsinsidethis caveofgroundwatersaturatedincalcium sulphate, whichhasfiltered throughthe sands ofthe caveovermillions of years,andthushas grownover thecenturies,thesecrystals aresmallin sizeandtakingincreases withtime. You might expectthrough the imagesthat thesecrystalsresemblegianticiclesandare thereforelow intemperature, butappearances canbe deceptive,becauseinfact, thetemperature insidethecaveis112Fahrenheitmixedmoisturefrom90-100per cent,but you will findexplorersinside the cavewearinga protectivevestandcarrying bagsof iceto coolthe air. Here'spictures from insidethe caveAlchristalaGiant
Maldivesaresmall islandslocatedin the continent ofAsiain the Indian Ocean, which isa Muslim country, where all theinhabitantsare Muslims, anditpassessouthof the equator, andtheancient ArabscallVebhdeadlinesorMahldepand is likelyto have beendistortedand becameutterMaldives.
Britain ruledthe Maldives78yearsas aBritish protectorate, TheMaldivesgained independencein 1965, andits nameinthe official languageisAldiviRaji(Republic of Maldives), andhas a population of309thousand peoplein thesquare kmand its capitalMalé.
TheMaldivesis a member ofAlcolmanoltstateshave joinedin1982has providedthe incumbent PresidentMohamed Nasheedannounced his resignation onTuesday, 07/02/2012Afterthree weeks ofprotestsby the oppositionandjoined bypolice andhanded overpower to adeputyMohammedWaheedHassanManik
OriginrenamedMaldives
Maldivesknewa lot ofdifferent namesduring its long historyof more thantwo thousand years, despite the fact thatseveraldifferent namesgiving, the location anddescriptionof MaldivesislandsAokdanit. The name was derived"Maldives" ofMaale Dhivehi Raajje.(1) It is AlgeriaVebhdeadlines(fractured alteredandopenAlmimnatethered). Frankshas beenonthe termAryan: the leisurelyVebh, andV characters(tethered) non-operative and they saidthey havenotfinishedDeebthencameto theMaldivesandtranslatorsinthese daysthey tookthemwithout knowledge orstolenthey said,"Maldives" is a mistake. And its people-hasseen them-stillsayleisurelyVebh"Vebh deadlines."
Studies indicatecomparativelinguistics, customs and traditions in the Maldivestothe decline ofthe early settlersofstrainAldrvidahofKeralain theSangam(300 BC-300AD), [2] andsuggestthese studies indicate thatthese settlersMahmonlyfishermencame from theSouthIndian subcontinentandthe western coast ofSri Lanka. ThepeopleGaravarro-andwho hails fromTamil-one ofthe firstsettlersin the Maldives, where theysaidMaldivianfolkloreandformed otherfora monarchyin Male. It alsoledcruisesto the people ofKeralatoAstotanTamilsineachoftheKhdiband the Maldivesevenconsideredthese islandsas one groupin the archipelago, also ledthese tripsto theaffectedpopulation ofthe Maldivesin TamilandMalayalam, and it appears thisvulnerabilityin the names ofplaces, poetry, dance, and religious beliefs. Some argue that thesettlers fromGujaratformed themain classofimmigrationto theMaldives, wherethe cruisestartedfromGujarattothe Maldivesin the era ofthe Indus Valley Civilization. Studiesalso indicatesomeprobabilitytothe advent ofsome of theearly immigrantsfrom Southeast Asia. [3] presentedthe Sinhaleseled by PrinceVijayatothe Maldivesinthe periodbetween the year543BCuntil483BCafterbeing forced toleavetheir homelandinOrissa. According toMahavenza-a historicalpoemwrittenin the era ofthe kings ofSri Lanka-has lostone of the shipsin thefleetcruisingPrinceVijabaand wentto the Maldives. Some evidencealso pointstothe arrival ofthe Arabs andAsianstothe Maldives,especially inthe southernatollsof theMaldives.
SoftMachu Picchucitadelorlost(in English: Machu Picchu),and theword meansMachu PicchuinAlankih"top of the mountainof old." Builtthis cityby the people ofthe Incain the fifteenth century, This city is locatedinCuzco, Peru, between two mountainsofthe Andes mountain rangeat an altitude of2340meters above sea level, andon bothsides ofthe abyssa height ofabout 600meters, UNESCO hasclassifiedthis cityinthe World Heritage Listin 1983and isone ofthe new Seven Wonders.
Construction
In spite of thebeautyandgenius of the place, butthat this is notonlyforexcellenceMachu Picchu, it is strange thatthiscity is builtin a contemporary styledoes not fittheancient civilizationdid not know thewriting!Fathtoathe streets ofa smallcityon thetidy,buildingsandpalaces, temples, gardensandirrigation canalsandpools,showers, and theirony is thatthe whole cityis builtoflarge stonesandcompactsizeover each otherwithoutany toolsto install! Thanks to thisamazingAjbahclassifiedUNESCOcity ofMachu Picchuin the list of"World Heritage" in 1983and inlessthan fifty yearssince the discovery ofthe ruinsand open, visitingthis parkpendingfor more than halfa million touristseach year. [1] Geography
The height ofthe city2280meters above sea levelandthere isthe cityon the brink ofHawitansurroundtheirslopelength of600 metersis coveredby dense forests, whilebeingbottom of theriverOuluBanpatopaintall of theseelementssolemnspectacleofthismysterious city. It isnear theUrubambaRiver,which is120 kmnorth ofCuzco. History
Nicknamedthe city ofMachu Picchu, "the lost city" of the people ofthe ancientIncas. Thewordmeans"Machu Picchu" inthe ancientlanguageAlankih"top of the mountain the old." Thecityrankedon the list ofthe tenancientholy placesin the worldbecause of theuniqueenvironmentandatmosphere ofa magicalandsacredfaith.
There is nowritten recordof the history ofthe IncabecausecivilizationAlankihwhattheyhavewritten andadopted theregistrationdate on thetransportAlhvoa.olaknownscientistsorresearchershistory of thecityorthe reason forits construction, but scientiststhinkthat theywere notliving, but hadto makesacrifices, wherescientists foundthe bodies oflarge numbers of womenin this city. Whichis compatiblewith what we knowfromthe people ofthe Incaworshipof the sun, and they believethat women are thedaughters ofthe sunsacred!
It is believed thatthe ancientIncapeoplein this citywho did not wantthe Spanishoccupationof the cityand the abduction oftheir civilizationimpressive, They remainedsilentand did notspeakitat all.Besides,the city was builtontop of a mountainsurroundedby dense forests, the Spaniardsdid notfind it.
Some expectit was builtin the latefifteenth centuryIncaemperorwhen he arrivedtothe height ofhis glory. This was thecitya placefor offeringsandother religiousactivities, [2]
InMachu Picchua lot ofparksandarcadesand buildingsandpalaces, andcanals andirrigation channelsandbathingpools. Thelinkbetween thestone stairsparksand streetsof differentheight.TheleadingAmericanWallensaidBinghamThesestone buildingsmiracletoughratification. Some people saidthat itis impossible to bepeople ofIncaoldhas builtthese buildingscuriositieswithoutmodern toolsand knowledge ofarchitectural, engineering, Fajmnoathataliensmaycome downto this placethousands of years agoand thegirlof this city, orbuilt by thegodsunand otherfairy tales. Whateverhow to buildthe city ofMachu Picchu, and thepresenceof peoplepaymorethanthe discoveryand identification ofthe peopleof thisancientmagicandintelligent.
Machu Picchuandnicknamed"hanging garden" because it isbuilt on top ofa steepmountain.